{"id":2371,"date":"2019-03-18T06:42:18","date_gmt":"2019-03-18T05:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/?p=2371"},"modified":"2019-03-18T06:49:31","modified_gmt":"2019-03-18T05:49:31","slug":"1918-rozpad-rakouska-uherska-a-vznik-ceskoslovenska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/?p=2371","title":{"rendered":"1918. Rozpad Rakouska-Uherska a vznik \u010ceskoslovenska"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/obalky.kosmas.cz\/ArticleCovers\/241\/269_base.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft \" src=\"https:\/\/obalky.kosmas.cz\/ArticleCovers\/241\/269_base.jpg\" width=\"150\" height=\"216\" \/><\/a>Kdy\u017e se v&nbsp;lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce p\u0159ipom\u00ednalo stolet\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vzniku \u010ceskoslovenska, byl n\u00e1\u0161 kni\u017en\u00ed trh zaplaven mnaha publikacemi, kter\u00e9 tu oslavovaly, tu shov\u00edvav\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly vznik samostatn\u00e9ho \u00a0st\u00e1tu \u010cech\u016f, Slov\u00e1k\u016f a Rus\u00edn\u016f, \u010di se k&nbsp;n\u011bmu kriticky vyjad\u0159ovaly. V\u011bt\u0161ina z&nbsp;t\u011bchto knih se v\u0161ak tomuto probl\u00e9mu v\u011bnovala jaksi p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z&nbsp;\u010desk\u00e9ho hlediska, tj. pozice \u010desk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed narace. A pr\u00e1v\u011b v&nbsp;tom je kniha z&nbsp;pera profesora Rychl\u00edka odli\u0161n\u00e1. Mimo ryze \u010desk\u00fdch d\u011bj\u016f a n\u00e1rok\u016f se v\u011bnuje i Slov\u00e1k\u016fm, Pol\u00e1k\u016fm, Ukrajinc\u016fm, Ma\u010far\u016fm, N\u011bmc\u016fm, Chorvat\u016fm, i Slovinc\u016fm. To pon\u011bkud spr\u00e1vn\u011b oslabuje n\u00e1mi vn\u00edmanou jedine\u010dnost st\u00e1topr\u00e1vn\u00edch snad na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f a umo\u017e\u0148uje n\u00e1m tak na v\u011bci minul\u00e9 nahl\u00e9dnout bez pohledu zka\u017een\u00e9ho emocemi. Nikdo nen\u00ed vyn\u00e1\u0161en do nebes ani zatracov\u00e1n. To plat\u00ed stejn\u011b o TGM jako o c\u00edsa\u0159i Karlu I. Habsbursk\u00e9m.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><em>Pohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme-li na \u010desk\u00e9 a slovensk\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky jako na celek, pak je t\u0159eba \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina z&nbsp;nich plnila bez jak\u00e9hokoliv odporu svou povinnost, a\u0165 u\u017e jako prost\u00ed voj\u00e1ci a podd\u016fstojn\u00edci, nebo jako z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed d\u016fstojn\u00edci. Jen men\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st voj\u00e1k\u016f vid\u011bla \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v&nbsp;dezerci k&nbsp;nep\u0159\u00edteli a dobrovoln\u00e9m zajet\u00ed. Zpr\u00e1vy o masov\u00fdch dezerc\u00edch \u010desk\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f \u0161\u00ed\u0159ila za v\u00e1lky p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm n\u011bmeck\u00e1 propaganda v&nbsp;\u010cech\u00e1ch ve snaze \u010cechy denunciovat, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e po prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se tato tvrzen\u00ed stala paradoxn\u011b sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zakladatelsk\u00e9 legendy \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu jako d\u016fkaz o masov\u00e9m odporu \u010cech\u016f a Slov\u00e1k\u016f proti Rakousku-Uhersku.<\/em> (s. 105)<\/p>\n<p><em>Pro rakousk\u00e9 pom\u011bry je p\u0159\u00edmo charakteristick\u00e9, \u017ee zat\u00edmco Tom\u00e1\u0161 Masaryk vedl zahrani\u010dn\u00ed odboj a jeho star\u0161\u00ed dcera Alice (1879 &#8211; 1966) byla za \u00fa\u010dast v&nbsp;protirakousk\u00e9m odboji uv\u011bzn\u011bna, jeho syn Jan (1886-1948), pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd diplomat a ministr zahrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed, naopak bojoval po celou v\u00e1lku v&nbsp;\u0159ad\u00e1ch rakousko-uhersk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy.<\/em> (str. 114)<\/p>\n<p><em>Bitva u Zborova se stala prvn\u00edm samostatn\u00fdm vystoupen\u00edm \u010deskoslovensk\u00fdch legi\u00ed a 2.&nbsp;\u010dervenec byl v&nbsp;prvn\u00ed \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 republice oslavov\u00e1n jako den \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. Je ur\u010dit\u00fdm paradoxem d\u011bjin, \u017ee proti \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 st\u0159eleck\u00e9 brig\u00e1d\u011b st\u00e1l na rakousk\u00e9 stran\u011b 35.&nbsp;p\u011b\u0161\u00ed pluk z&nbsp;Plzn\u011b a 75.&nbsp;p\u011b\u0161\u00ed pluk z&nbsp;Jind\u0159ichova Hradce. U Zborova tak bojovali \u010ce\u0161i proti \u010cech\u016fm<\/em>. (s. 161)<\/p>\n<p><em>M\u00e1-li \u017e\u00edt v\u00edce n\u00e1rod\u016f v&nbsp;jednom st\u00e1t\u011b, pak jeho obyvatel\u00e9 musej\u00ed tento st\u00e1t vn\u00edmat jako sv\u016fj, musej\u00ed se s&nbsp;n\u00edm ztoto\u017enit. Ale obyvatel\u00e9 monarchie nem\u011bli spole\u010dnou identitu, kter\u00e1 by je mohla v&nbsp;jednom st\u00e1t\u011b udr\u017eet. Nakonce st\u00e1t krom\u011b dvora, generality a vysok\u00e9ho duchovenstva nikdo nepot\u0159eboval<\/em>. (s. 252)<\/p>\n<p>Mirek Vachek<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Kniha byla za\u0159azena do programu <a href=\"\/?cat=14\">Bub\u00e1kov \u010dte<\/a> a byla v\u011bnov\u00e1na novostra\u0161eck\u00e9 knihovn\u011b, kde si ji lze p\u016fj\u010dit.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>1918<\/strong><br \/>\n<em><strong>Rozpad Rakouska-Uherska a vznik \u010ceskoslovenska<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Autor: Jan Rychl\u00edk<\/li>\n<li>Nakladatel: Vy\u0161ehrad<\/li>\n<li>ISBN: 978-80-7429-988-9<\/li>\n<li>Rozsah: 280 stran<\/li>\n<li>Rok vyd\u00e1n\u00ed: 2018 (1.&nbsp;vyd\u00e1n\u00ed)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kdy\u017e se v&nbsp;lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce p\u0159ipom\u00ednalo stolet\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed vzniku \u010ceskoslovenska, byl n\u00e1\u0161 kni\u017en\u00ed trh zaplaven mnaha publikacemi, kter\u00e9 tu oslavovaly, tu shov\u00edvav\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly vznik samostatn\u00e9ho \u00a0st\u00e1tu \u010cech\u016f, Slov\u00e1k\u016f a Rus\u00edn\u016f, \u010di &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"class_list":["post-2371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knihy"],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-06-04 07:42:16","action":"category","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category"},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2371"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2371\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2376,"href":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2371\/revisions\/2376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bubakov.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}